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This was further extended by a Disk Extended Color BASIC ROM included in the floppy controller. The original CoCo offered standard Color BASIC and Extended Color BASIC. Tandy licensed Microsoft BASIC as with the Z80 systems, there are multiple levels of BASIC. Like its Z80-based predecessors, the CoCo shipped with a version of BASIC. However, this was dropped and all CoCos sold as Radio Shack computers were called TRS-80 in spite of the processor change. For a time, the CoCo was referred to internally as the TRS-90 in reference to the "9" in "6809". The Color Computer, with its Motorola 6809E processor, is very different from the Zilog Z80-based TRS-80 models BYTE wrote that "The only similarity between is the name." Indeed, the "80" in "TRS-80" stands for "Z80". Within a few months, Radio Shack stores across the US and Canada began receiving and selling the new computer.ĭifferences from earlier TRS-80 models The initial model (catalog number 26-3001) shipped with 4 kB of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) and an 8 kB Microsoft BASIC interpreter in ROM. Although the company's Ed Juge said in 1981 that the Color Computer was "our entry into the home-computer market", he described it as "for serious professionals", stating that a word processor and spreadsheet would soon be available. Tandy viewed businesses as its primary market for computers.
Sharing the same case, keyboard, and layout as the AgVision/VideoTex terminals, at first glance it would be hard to tell the TRS-80 Color Computer from its predecessors. On July 31, 1980, Tandy announced the TRS-80 Color Computer. An expansion connector was added to the right side of the case for future enhancements and program cartridges ("Program Paks"), and a RAM button (a sticker indicating the amount of installed memory in the machine) covers the hole where the Modem's LED "DATA" indicator had been.
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The internal modem was removed, and I/O ports for cassette storage, serial I/O, and joysticks were provided. With its proven design, the VideoTex terminal contains all the basic components for a general-purpose home computer. Internal differences, if any, are unclear, as not many AgVision terminals survive to this day. The AgVision terminal was also sold through Radio Shack stores as the VideoTex terminal around 1980. The SAM, VDG, and 6809 were combined and the AgVision terminal was born. By that time in late 1979, the new and powerful Motorola MC6809 processor was released. Motorola solved this problem by integrating all the functions of the many smaller chips into one chip, the MC6883 Synchronous Address Multiplexer (SAM). Unfortunately, the prototype contained too many chips to be commercially viable.
At the core of the prototype "Green Thumb" terminal, the MC6847, along with the MC6809 microprocessor unit (MPU), made the prototype a reality by about 1978.
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Motorola's MC6847 Video Display Generator (VDG) chip was released about the same time as the joint venture started and it has been speculated that the VDG was actually designed for this project. This terminal would connect to a phone line and an ordinary color television and allow the user access to near-real-time information useful to their day-to-day operations on the farm. The initial goal of this project, called "Green Thumb," was to create a low cost Videotex terminal for farmers, ranchers, and others in the agricultural industry. of Austin, to develop a low-cost home computer in 1977. The TRS-80 Color Computer started out as a joint venture between Tandy Corporation of Fort Worth, Texas and Motorola Semiconductor, Inc. Origin and history File:TRS-80 Videotex terminal retouched.jpg
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The death knell of the CoCo was the advent of lower-cost IBM PC clones.
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All three CoCo models maintained a high level of software and hardware compatibility, with few programs written for the older model not running on the newer ones. The Tandy Color Computer line started in 1980 with what is now called the CoCo 1 and ended in 1991 with the more powerful, yet similar CoCo 3. Some of these computers were paired with dedicated sound and graphics chips and were much more commercially successful in the 1980s home computer market. Competing machines such as the Apple II, Commodore VIC-20, the Commodore 64, the Atari 400, and the Atari 800 were designed around the much cheaper MOS 6502. The Motorola 6809E was an advanced processor for the time, but was correspondingly more expensive than other, more popular, microprocessors.
Thus, despite the similar name, the new machine is not compatible with software made for the old TRS-80.